Nested structures approach in designing an isotropic negative-index material for infrared
A. Andryieuski, R. Malureanu, A. Lavrinenko
Abstract
We propose a new generic approach for designing isotropic metamaterial with nested cubic structures. As an example, a three-dimensional isotropic unit cell design "Split Cube in Cage" (SCiC) is shown to exhibit an effective negative refractive index on infrared wavelengths. We report on the refractive index reaching -2.3 and the figure of merit as high as 2.7. The structure exhibits potential for application as a building block of isotropic negative-index materials.
© The Authors. All rights reserved. [DOI: 10.2971/jeos.2009.09003]
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Citation
A. Andryieuski, R. Malureanu, A. Lavrinenko, "Nested structures approach in designing an isotropic negative-index material for infrared", J. Europ. Opt. Soc. Rap. Public. 09003 Vol 4 (2009)
DOI (Digital Object Identifier)
10.2971/jeos.2009.09003
Forward References
References
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CST Microvawe Studio, http://www.cst.com/
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D. R. Smith, W. J. Padilla, D. C. Vier, S. C. Nemat-Nasser, and S. Schultz, "Composite medium with simultaneously negative permeability and permittivity" Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 4184-4187 (2000).
J. B. Pendry, "Negative refraction makes a perfect lens" Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 3966-3969 (2000).
A. Degiron, D. R. Smith, J. Mock, B. Justice, and J. Gollub, "Negative index and indefinite media waveguide couplers" Appl. Phys. 87, 321-328 (2007).
D. Schurig, J. Mock, B. Justice, S. Cummer, J. B. Pendry, A. vStarr, and D. R. Smith, "Metamaterial electromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies" Science 314, 977-980 (2006).
J. B. Pendry, A. Holden, D. Robbins, and W. Stewart, "Magnetism from conductors and enhanced nonlinear phenomena" IEEE T. Microw. Theory. 47, 2075-2084 (1999).
W. Rotman, "Plasma simulation by artificial dielectrics and parallel-plate media" IRE Trans. Antennas Propag. AP-10, 82-95 (1962).
S. Zhang, W. Fan, K. Malloy, S. Brueck, N. Panoiu, and R. Osgood, "Near-infrared double negative materials" Opt. Express 13, 4922- 4930 (2005).
V. Shalaev, W. Cai, U. Chettiar, H. Yuan, A. Sarychev, V. Drachev, and A. Kildishev, "Negative index of refraction in optical metamaterials" Opt. Lett. 30, 3356-3358 (2005).
V. Lomakin, Y. Fainman, Y. Urzhumov, and G. Shvets, "Doubly negative metamaterials in the near infrared and visible regimes based on thin film nanocomposites" Opt. Express 14, 11164-11177 (2006).
C. M. Soukoulis, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, "Negative refractive index at optical wavelengths" Science 315, 47-49 (2007).
H. Lezec, J. Dionne, and H. Atwater, "Negative refraction at visible frequencies" Science 316, 430-432 (2007).
C. Garcia-Meca, R. Ortuño, R. Salvador, A. Martinez, and J. Marti, "Low-loss single-layer metamaterial with negative index of refraction at visible wavelengths" Opt. Express 15, 9320-9325 (2007).
J. Valentine, S. Zhang, T. Zentgraf, E. Ulin-Avila, D. Genov, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, "Three-dimensional optical metamaterial with a negative refractive index" Nature 455, 376-379 (2008).
M. Rill, C. Plet, M. Thiel, I. Staude, G. Freymann, S. Linden, and M. Wegener, "Photonic metamaterials by direct laser writing and silver chemical vapour deposition" Nat. Mater. 7, 543-546 (2008).
A. Boltasseva and V. Shalaev, "Fabrication of optical negativeindex metamaterials: recent advances and outlook" Metamaterials 2, 1-17 (2008).
A. Iyer and G. Eleftheriades, "A three-dimensional isotropic transmission-line metamaterial topology for free-space excitation" Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 261106 (2008).
N. Landy, C. Bingham, T. Tyler, N. Jokerst, D. R. Smith, and W. Padilla, "Design, theory, and measurement of a polarization insensitive absorber for terahertz imaging" arXiv:0807.3390v2 [condmat. mtrl-sci], (2008).
K. Alici and E. Ozbay, "A planar metamaterial: Polarization independent fishnet structure" Photonics Nanostruct. 6, 102-107 (2008).
T. Koschny, L. Zhang, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Isotropic threedimensional left-handed metamaterials" Phys. Rev. B. 71, 121103 (2005).
M. Klein, C. Enkrich, M. Wegener, C.M. Soukoulis, and S. Linden, "Single-slit split-ring resonators at optical frequencies: limits of size scaling" Opt. Lett. 31, 1259-1261 (2006).
V. Yannopapas and A. Moroz, "Negative refractive index metamaterials from inherently non-magnetic materials for deep infrared to terahertz frequency range" Condens Matter Phys.17, 3717-3734 (2005).
I. Vendik, O. Vendik, and M. Odit, "Isotropic artificial media withsimultaneously negative permittivity and permeability" Microw. Opt. Techn. Let. 48, 2553-2556 (2006).
A. Kussow, A. Akyurtlu, and N. Angkawisittpan, "Optically isotropic negative index of refraction metamaterial" Phys. Status. Solidi. B. 245, 992-997 (2008).
R. Penciu, K. Aydin, M. Kafesaki, T. Koschny, E. Ozbay, E. Economou, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Multi-gap individual and coupled split-ring resonator structures" Opt. Express 16, 18131-18144 (2008).
J. Gordon and R. Ziolkowski, "The design and simulated performance of a coated nano-particle laser" Opt. Express 15, 2622-2653 (2007).
CST Microvawe Studio, http://www.cst.com/
D. Smith, S. Schultz, P. Markos, and C. Soukoulis, "Determination of effective permittivity and permeability of metamaterials from reflection and transmission coefficients" Phys. Rev. B. 65, 195104 (2002).
C. Menzel, C. Rockstuhl, T. Paul, F. Lederer, and T. Pertsch, "Retrieving effective parameters for metamaterials at oblique incidence" Phys. Rev. B. 77, 195328 (2008).
E. Economou, T. Koschny, and C. Soukoulis, "Strong diamagnetic response in split-ring-resonator metamaterials: Numerical study and two-loop model" Phys. Rev. B. 78, 92401 (2008).
T. Koschny, P. Markos, D.R. Smith, and C.M. Soukoulis, "Resonant and antiresonant frequency dependence of the effective parameters of metamaterials" Phys. Rev. E. 68, 65602 (2003).
R. Depine and A. Lakhtakia, "Comment I on: Resonant and antiresonant frequency dependence of the effective parameters of metamaterials" Phys. Rev. E. 70, 048601 (2004).
A. Efros, "Comment II on: Resonant and antiresonant frequency dependence of the effective parameters of metamaterials" Phys. Rev. E. 70, 048602 (2004).
J. Baena, L. Jelinek, and R. Marqués, "Towards a systematic design of isotropic bulk magnetic metamaterials using the cubic point groups of symmetry" Phys. Rev. B. 76, 245115 (2007).
A. Maradudin and A. McGurn, "Photonic band structure of a truncated, two-dimensional, periodic dielectric medium" J. Opt. Soc. Am. B. 10, 307-313 (1993).
A. Demetriadou and J. Pendry, "Taming spatial dispersion in wire metamaterial" J. Phys. 20, 295222 (2008).
T. Koschny, L. Zhang, and C. M. Soukoulis, "Isotropic threedimensional left-handed metamaterials" Phys. Rev. B. 71, 121103 (2005).
T. Ebbesen, H. Lezec, H. Ghaemi, T. Thio, and P. Wolff, "Extraordinary optical transmission through sub-wavelength hole arrays" Nature 391, 667 (1998).